AI actions

This page includes how to implement actions and migrate them to the AI Gateway.

How to implement a new action

Implementing a new AI action will require changes across different components. We’ll use the example of wanting to implement an action that allows users to rewrite issue descriptions according to a given prompt.

1. Add your action to the Cloud Connector feature list

The Cloud Connector configuration stores the permissions needed to access your service, as well as additional metadata. If there’s no entry for your feature, add the feature as a Cloud Connector unit primitive:

For more information, see Cloud Connector: Configuration.

2. Create a prompt definition in the AI gateway

In the AI gateway project, create a new prompt definition under ai_gateway/prompts/definitions. Create a new subfolder corresponding to the name of your AI action, and a new YAML file for your prompt. Specify the model and provider you wish to use, and the prompts that will be fed to the model. You can specify inputs to be plugged into the prompt by using {}. 

# ai_gateway/prompts/definitions/rewrite_description/base.yml

name: Description rewriter
model:
  name: claude-3-sonnet-20240229
  params:
    model_class_provider: anthropic
prompt_template:
  system: |
    You are a helpful assistant that rewrites the description of resources. You'll be given the current description, and a prompt on how you should rewrite it. Reply only with your rewritten description.

    <description>{description}</description>

    <prompt>{prompt}</prompt>

If your AI action is part of a broader feature, the definitions can be organized in a tree structure: 

# ai_gateway/prompts/definitions/code_suggestions/generations/base.yml

name: Code generations
model:
  name: claude-3-sonnet-20240229
  params:
    model_class_provider: anthropic
...

To specify prompts for multiple models, use the name of the model as the filename for the definition: 

# ai_gateway/prompts/definitions/code_suggestions/generations/mistral.yml

name: Code generations
model:
  name: mistral
  params:
    model_class_provider: litellm
...

3. Create a Completion class

  1. Create a new completion under ee/lib/gitlab/llm/ai_gateway/completions/ and inherit it from the Base AI gateway Completion. 
# ee/lib/gitlab/llm/ai_gateway/completions/rewrite_description.rb

module Gitlab
  module Llm
    module AiGateway
      module Completions
        class RewriteDescription < Base
          def inputs
            { description: resource.description, prompt: prompt_message.content }
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

4. Create a Service

  1. Create a new service under ee/app/services/llm/ and inherit it from the BaseService.
  2. The resource is the object we want to act on. It can be any object that includes the Ai::Model concern. For example it could be a Project, MergeRequest, or Issue. 
# ee/app/services/llm/rewrite_description_service.rb

module Llm
  class RewriteDescriptionService < BaseService
    extend ::Gitlab::Utils::Override

    override :valid
    def valid?
      super &&
        # You can restrict which type of resources your service applies to
        resource.to_ability_name == "issue" &&
        # Always check that the user is allowed to perform this action on the resource
        Ability.allowed?(user, :rewrite_description, resource)
    end

    private

    def perform
      schedule_completion_worker
    end
  end
end

5. Register the feature in the catalogue

Go to Gitlab::Llm::Utils::AiFeaturesCatalogue and add a new entry for your AI action. 

class AiFeaturesCatalogue
  LIST = {
    # ...
    rewrite_description: {
      service_class: ::Gitlab::Llm::AiGateway::Completions::RewriteDescription,
      feature_category: :ai_abstraction_layer,
      execute_method: ::Llm::RewriteDescriptionService,
      maturity: :experimental,
      self_managed: false,
      internal: false
    }
  }.freeze

How to migrate an existing action to the AI gateway

AI actions were initially implemented inside the GitLab monolith. As part of our AI gateway as the Sole Access Point for Monolith to Access Models Epic we’re migrating prompts, model selection and model parameters into the AI gateway. This will increase the speed at which we can deliver improvements to users on GitLab Self-Managed, by decoupling prompt and model changes from monolith releases. To migrate an existing action:

  1. Follow steps 1 through 3 on How to implement a new action.
  2. Modify the entry for your AI action in the catalogue to list the new completion class as the aigw_service_class. 
class AiFeaturesCatalogue
  LIST = {
    # ...
    generate_description: {
      service_class: ::Gitlab::Llm::Anthropic::Completions::GenerateDescription,
      aigw_service_class: ::Gitlab::Llm::AiGateway::Completions::GenerateDescription,
      prompt_class: ::Gitlab::Llm::Templates::GenerateDescription,
      feature_category: :ai_abstraction_layer,
      execute_method: ::Llm::GenerateDescriptionService,
      maturity: :experimental,
      self_managed: false,
      internal: false
    },
    # ...
  }.freeze
  1. Create prompt_migration_#{feature_name} feature flag (e.g prompt_migration_generate_description)

When the feature flag is enabled, the aigw_service_class will be used to process the AI action. Once you’ve validated the correct functioning of your action, you can remove the aigw_service_class key and replace the service_class with the new AiGateway::Completions class to make it the permanent provider.

For a complete example of the changes needed to migrate an AI action, see the following MRs:

Authorization in GitLab-Rails

We recommend to use policies to deal with authorization for a feature. Currently we need to make sure to cover the following checks:

Some basic authorization is included in the Abstraction Layer classes that are base classes for more specialized classes.

What needs to be included in the code:

  1. Check for feature flag compatibility: Gitlab::Llm::Utils::FlagChecker.flag_enabled_for_feature?(ai_action) - included in the Llm::BaseService class.
  2. Check if resource is authorized: Gitlab::Llm::Utils::Authorizer.resource(resource: resource, user: user).allowed? - also included in the Llm::BaseService class.
  3. Both of those checks are included in the ::Gitlab::Llm::FeatureAuthorizer.new(container: subject_container, feature_name: action_name).allowed?
  4. Access to AI features depend on several factors, such as: their maturity, if they are enabled on self-managed, if they are bundled within an add-on etc.
    • Example of policy not connected to the particular resource.
    • Example of policy connected to the particular resource.
note
For more information, see the GitLab AI gateway documentation about authentication and authorization in AI gateway.

If your Duo feature involves an autonomous agent, you should use composite identity authorization.

Pairing requests with responses

Because multiple users’ requests can be processed in parallel, when receiving responses, it can be difficult to pair a response with its original request. The requestId field can be used for this purpose, because both the request and response are assured to have the same requestId UUID.

Caching

AI requests and responses can be cached. Cached conversation is being used to display user interaction with AI features. In the current implementation, this cache is not used to skip consecutive calls to the AI service when a user repeats their requests. 

query {
  aiMessages {
    nodes {
      id
      requestId
      content
      role
      errors
      timestamp
    }
  }
}

This cache is used for chat functionality. For other services, caching is disabled. You can enable this for a service by using the cache_response: true option.

Caching has following limitations:

  • Messages are stored in Redis stream.
  • There is a single stream of messages per user. This means that all services currently share the same cache. If needed, this could be extended to multiple streams per user (after checking with the infrastructure team that Redis can handle the estimated amount of messages).
  • Only the last 50 messages (requests + responses) are kept.
  • Expiration time of the stream is 3 days since adding last message.
  • User can access only their own messages. There is no authorization on the caching level, and any authorization (if accessed by not current user) is expected on the service layer.

Check if feature is allowed for this resource based on namespace settings

There is one setting allowed on root namespace level that restrict the use of AI features:

  • experiment_features_enabled

To check if that feature is allowed for a given namespace, call: 

Gitlab::Llm::StageCheck.available?(namespace, :name_of_the_feature)

Add the name of the feature to the Gitlab::Llm::StageCheck class. There are arrays there that differentiate between experimental and beta features.

This way we are ready for the following different cases:

  • If the feature is not in any array, the check will return true. For example, the feature is generally available.

To move the feature from the experimental phase to the beta phase, move the name of the feature from the EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURES array to the BETA_FEATURES array.

Implement calls to AI APIs and the prompts

The CompletionWorker will call the Completions::Factory which will initialize the Service and execute the actual call to the API. In our example, we will use VertexAI and implement two new classes: 

# /ee/lib/gitlab/llm/vertex_ai/completions/rewrite_description.rb

module Gitlab
  module Llm
    module VertexAi
      module Completions
        class AmazingNewAiFeature < Gitlab::Llm::Completions::Base
          def execute
            prompt = ai_prompt_class.new(options[:user_input]).to_prompt

            response = Gitlab::Llm::VertexAi::Client.new(user, unit_primitive: 'amazing_feature').text(content: prompt)

            response_modifier = ::Gitlab::Llm::VertexAi::ResponseModifiers::Predictions.new(response)

            ::Gitlab::Llm::GraphqlSubscriptionResponseService.new(
              user, nil, response_modifier, options: response_options
            ).execute
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

# /ee/lib/gitlab/llm/vertex_ai/templates/rewrite_description.rb

module Gitlab
  module Llm
    module VertexAi
      module Templates
        class AmazingNewAiFeature
          def initialize(user_input)
            @user_input = user_input
          end

          def to_prompt
            <<~PROMPT
            You are an assistant that writes code for the following context:

            context: #{user_input}
            PROMPT
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

Because we support multiple AI providers, you may also use those providers for the same example: 

Gitlab::Llm::VertexAi::Client.new(user, unit_primitive: 'your_feature')
Gitlab::Llm::Anthropic::Client.new(user, unit_primitive: 'your_feature')